A screening is typically a very brief (i.e., 15 minutes) check of general speech-language milestone skills to determine if speech and language skills are likely age-appropriate, or possibly deviant. If problems are suspected, a full evaluation will likely be recommended. An evaluation is a more in-depth assessment of a child's performance and skill levels, usually requiring 45 minutes or longer, depending on the child's age and abilities. Formal tests, observations, and parent information usually typify an evaluation. Therapy is treatment-oriented, following a plan developed from test results and information gathered about the child's strengths and needs. The frequency and method of treatment vary greatly with each child. Many are seen individually, while others are seen in pairs or small groups.
Again, this varies with each child and is affected by the severity of the child's disorder, the general abilities of the child, the frequency of treatment, and follow-through of home reinforcement tasks. Some are seen for as few as three to six sessions, designed primarily to assist parents in techniques and strategies to enhance skill development, and some are seen long-term (two or more years).
Cost varies with each practice, clinic, or SLP. Evaluation costs, usually a one-time or annual session, are higher in cost than therapy. Frequently a discount is provided for cash-paying patients.
Many insurances will pay for at least an initial evaluation; most HMO plans require a medical referral from your PCP, as do some PPO plans. Frequently you will be required to see a provider designated by your insurance company, but not always. Your representative and/or PCP should be able to assist you in determining if you are required to go toa specific SLP or clinic. Treatment is less frequently paid for by insurance companies, and is based on specific plan provisions and medical necessity. This is often determined after an evaluation, when results and recommendations are written and reported.
If you have concerns, talk to your PCP, call an SLP, or any one of the resources listed below. They should be able to answer any specific questions, and whether or not an evaluation or treatment may be needed. If you suspect a problem, or if someone who knows your child expresses concern, it is likely best to have your child evaluated. Early intervention may help minimize long-term effects and ongoing problems for your child.